IRHU7311/p/w Introduction to Research for Human Sciences Answers
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Introduction to Research for Human Sciences
Preselected articles:Article 1: Nowak-Teter, E. (2025) ‘How to Reconcile Water and Fire: Social Media Logic and Journalistic Independence’, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 102(1), pp. 62–87. doi:10.1177/10776990241263005. https://research-ebsco-com.ezproxy.iielearn.ac.za/linkprocessor/plink?id=b2d12f29-1c5e-3915-b284-78664470a0bb [Accessed on 13 March 2025]. (17 pages) Article 2: O’Donnell, N.H., Erlichman, S. and Nickerson, C.G. (2025) ‘Health Motivation in the Influencer Era: Analyzing Entertainment, Personal, and Social Media Role Models’, Health Communication, 40(3), pp. 405–416. doi:10.1080/10410236.2024.2346679. https://research-ebsco-com.ezproxy.iielearn.ac.za/linkprocessor/plink?id=db630e39-7b04-30c3-83e0-08a3a7944378 [Accessed on 12 March 2025]. (10 pages) Article 3: Chen, J.V., Pham, D.T. and Tran, S.T.T. (2025) ‘Building Consumer Engagement in Live Streaming on Social Media: A Comparison of Facebook and Instagram Live’, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 41(2), pp. 1119–1139. doi:10.1080/10447318.2024.2313276. https://research-ebsco-com.ezproxy.iielearn.ac.za/linkprocessor/plink?id=1dd97b5e-0075-3f86-9161-7d54c77ee210 [Accessed on 12 March 2025]. (17 pages) The word count for the entire project is between 4500-5500 words: Question 1: Approximately 2200 – 2700 wordsQuestion 2: Approximately 2200 – 2700 words The word count is to be stipulated on the cover page of your document. Students should note that the lecturer will not mark beyond the maximum word count (5500 words). This means that students exceeding the word count could substantially lose marks. For example, a student exceeding the 5500-word limit by submitting 6000 words could find that they lose all marks allocated to the final section of the project if that section falls into the 500 words not marked.
Question 1(Marks: 100)
Write a report in which you analyse EACH of the pre-selected research articles by responding to the questions provided. It is imperative to comprehensively analyse the articles. While some of the aspects may be readily apparent within the articles, others will necessitate a deeper level of critical thinking and inference within the context of the research. You should always critically motivate your answers with support from the articles, your prescribed textbook and any othercredible sources.
Q.1.1
Identify the paradigm/tradition for each article. You will need to go beyond the information provided in the abstract and motivate each choice of paradigm using examples from each of the articles as well as a critical discussion of each of the paradigms chosen.
(10)
Q.1.2
Identify and explain the research methodology for each article. You will need to motivate using specific evidence from each article, as well as theory from at least three sources.
(10)
Q.1.3
What is the key research problem that the researchers seek to address in each of the articles? In your answer, provide a concise description of the research problem and evaluate it against the theory you have covered regarding research problems.
(10)
Q.1.4
Using examples from each article, identify and describe the population and population parameters evident in each article.
(10)
Q.1.5
Discuss the possible sampling method used to define the sample for each article. Using your theory, include one advantage and one disadvantage for the sampling method used in each study.
(10)
Q.1.6
Using examples from each article, identify the data collection methods used in each study. Motivate your answer with specific examples from each article as well as theory from at least three sources.
(10)
Q.1.7
Discuss the most significant key findings derived from the analysis of each of the research articles. What makes these findings significant? Support your analysis with evidence from the articles.
(10)
Q.1.8
Discuss how the researchers would have ensured trustworthiness and/or reliability and validity when conducting the research. Your answer can be a combination of examples from the articles and/or theory from at least two sources.
(10)
Q.1.9
Critically discuss the ethical issues the researchers can be expected to have considered before, during, and after the research process.
(10)
Q.1.10
Based on your analysis of the articles, propose potential areas or topics for further research by highlighting any gaps, limitations, or unexplored aspects that you believe warrant future investigation. Motivate your suggestions with references to the articles themselves.
Demonstrate your understanding of theory related to paradigms, methodologies and research practicalities by considering the impact of using an alternate paradigm to that represented in each of the original articles. You will need to select a different alternate paradigm for each research article, so there are no duplicate paradigms in your three chosen alternatives. Your answer should include interpretivism, critical realism and positivism. You should always motivate your answers with support from the articles, your prescribed textbook and any other credible sources.
Q.2.1
For each research article, select a feasible alternate paradigm. State the article name and the alternate paradigm chosen for each. Ensure there is no duplication.
(5)
Q.2.2
For each alternate, consider the implications of this change in paradigm on the nature of the research and propose new, alternate versions of the following (for each article):
Q.2.2.1
The proposed research problem.
(15)
Q.2.2.2
The proposed research question/s.
(10)
Q.2.2.3
Formulate a proposed hypothesis and/or research objectives.
(10)
Q.2.2.4
Outline the target and accessible population for the study. Include parameters and the unit of analysis.
(15)
Q.2.2.5
Explain the sample for each study, discussing which proposed sampling method you would use to arrive at the sample and why this method would be suitable.
(15)
Q.2.2.6
The proposed data collection method (including a clear explanation of and motivation for, choosing that data collection method).
(15)
Q.2.2.7
The proposed data analysis method (including a clear explanation of, and motivation for, choosing that data analysis method).
(15)
Answers to Above Questions on Human Sciences
Expert Answer 1: An analysis of the given three articles indicates the paradigm followed in each of them. There are basically 3 important types of paradigms that guide research and these are identified as positivism, interpretivism and critical paradigm. The first article on Nowak-Teter, 2025 on how to reconcile water and fire includes a critical paradigm because the article analyses the issues between social media logic and journalistic independence and the discussion in the article mainly involves a detailed critique on the capitalist or institutional forces that affect journalism. The paradigm followed in the second article by O’Donnell et al., 2025 is interpretivism because the main focus in the given article is on analysing the meanings developed by individuals in response to influencer content. This includes a critical analysis of personal and social context by applying qualitative methods in the research which requires an interpretive approach to do critical analysis. To learn about the paradigm in the third article, connect with our research writing expert in South Africa.
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